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 India,
a Union of States, is a Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic
with a parliamentary system of government. The Republic is governed
in terms of the Constitution, which was adopted by Constituent Assembly
on 26th November 1949 and came into force on 26th January 1950.
INDIA is one of the oldest civilisations with a kaleidoscopic variety
and rich cultural heritage. India has become self sufficient in
agricultural production and is now the tenth industrialised country
in the world. India has become the sixth nation to have gone into
outer space to conquer nature for the benefit of the people.
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| National Symbol |
 The
National Symbol is an adaptation from the Sarnath Lion
Capital of Emperor Ashoka, who ruled from 272 BC to 232 BC. |
| National Flag |
 The
national flag is a horizontal tricolor of deep saffron (kesari)
at the top, white in the middle and dark green at the bottom
in equal proportion. The ratio of width of the flag to its length
is two to three. In the centre of the white band is a navy blue
chakra or the wheel which appears on the abacus of the Sarnath
Lion Capital of Ashoka. |
| National Animal |
Tiger |
| National Bird |
Peacock |
| National Anthem |
Jana-gana-mana-adhinayaka, jaya he,
Bharata-bhagya-vidhata.
Punjab-Sindh-Gujarat-Maratha,
Dravida-Utkala-Banga,
Vindhya-Himachala-Yamuna-Ganga Uchchala-Jaladhi-taranga.
Tava shubha name jage, Tava shubha asisa mage,
Gahe tava jaya gatha,
Jana-gana-mangala-dayaka jaya he Bharata-bhagya-vidhata.
Jaya he, jaya he, jaya he, Jaya jaya jaya, jaya he!
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India Geographical |
| Geographical
Position |
The Indian subcontinent lies in the
northern hemisphere between latitudes 8 degrees and 38 degrees North
and longitudes 68 degrees and 97 degrees East. |
| Neighboring Countries |
Northwest by Afghanistan and Pakistan,
North by China, Bhutan, and Nepal,
East by Burma and Bangladesh, and,
Southeast by Sri Lanka.
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| Time: |
Greenwich Mean Time plus 5:30 hours |
| Climate: |
India's climate can be generally
classified under Tropical Monsoon Type.
There are four distinct seasons:
1. Winter (January to February)
2. Summer (March to May)
3. Rainy Southwestern Monsoon (June to September)
4. Post-Monsoon (October to December)
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India Political |
| Status: |
Socialist Sovereign Democratic Republic |
| Capital: |
New Delhi |
| Official Language: |
Hindi with English as the associate
language |
| Main Religions: |
Hinduism, Islam, Sikhism, Buddhism,
Jainism, Christianity |
Major Exports:
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Marine products, sports goods, gems and
jewellery, chemical and allied products, engineering goods, textiles
and handicrafts.
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| Major Imports: |
pearls, precious and semi-precious
stones, machinery, medicinal and pharmaceutical products, organic and
inorganic chemicals, coal, coke and briquettes, artificial resins etc. |
| Main Industries: |
Machinery and transport equipment, iron
and steel, fabrics and garments, cement, chemicals, petroleum, food
processing |
| Main Crops: |
The agricultural crops of India are of
two types:
1. Food Crops: rice, wheat, bajra, maize, grams.
2. Cash Crops: sugarcane, cotton, jute, tobacco, tea, coffee, rubber. |
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